Server Administration / Web Server / Windows
by Kevin Pietersen · Published December 6, 2017 · Last modified February 6, 2020
What is a Webserver ? A web server is a computer that runs websites. It’s a computer program that distributes web pages as they are requisitioned. Web servers are computers that deliver (serves up) Web Pages....
Conditionally perform a command.
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File syntax IF [NOT] EXIST filename command IF [NOT] EXIST filename (command) ELSE (command) |
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String syntax IF [/I] [NOT] item1==item2 command IF [/I] item1 compare-op item2 command IF [/I] item1 compare-op item2 (command) ELSE (command) |
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Error Check Syntax IF [NOT] DEFINED variable command IF [NOT] ERRORLEVEL number command IF CMDEXTVERSION number command key item A text string or environment variable, for more complex comparisons, a variable can be modified using either Substring or Search syntax. command The command to perform. filename A file to test or a wildcard pattern. NOT perform the command if the condition is false. == perform the command if the two strings are equal. /I Do a case Insensitive string comparison. compare-op can be one of EQU : Equal NEQ : Not equal LSS : Less than < LEQ : Less than or Equal <= GTR : Greater than > GEQ : Greater than or equal >= This 3 digit syntax is necessary because the > and < symbols are recognised as redirection operators |
IF will only parse numbers when one of (EQU, NEQ, LSS, LEQ, GTR, GEQ) is used.The == comparison operator always results in a string comparison. ERRORLEVEL There are two different methods of checking an...
Configure IP (Internet Protocol configuration)
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Syntax IPCONFIG /all Display full configuration information. IPCONFIG /release [adapter] Release the IP address for the specified adapter. IPCONFIG /renew [adapter] Renew the IP address for the specified adapter. IPCONFIG /flushdns Purge the DNS Resolver cache. IPCONFIG /registerdns Refresh all DHCP leases and re-register DNS names. IPCONFIG /displaydns Display the contents of the DNS Resolver Cache. IPCONFIG /showclassid adapter Display all the DHCP class IDs allowed for adapter. IPCONFIG /setclassid adapter [classid] Modify the dhcp class id. |
If the Adapter name contains spaces, use quotes: “Adapter Name”Wildcard characters * and ? are allowed, see the examples below The default is to display only the IP...
Loop command: against a set of files – conditionally perform a command against each item.
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Syntax FOR /F ["options"] %%parameter IN (filenameset) DO command FOR /F ["options"] %%parameter IN ("Text string to process") DO command Key options: delims=xxx The delimiter character(s) (default = a space) skip=n A number of lines to skip at the beginning of the file. (default = 0) eol=; Character at the start of each line to indicate a comment The default is a semicolon ; tokens=n Specifies which numbered items to read from each line (default = 1) usebackq Use the alternate quoting style: - Use double quotes for long file names in "filenameset". - Use single quotes for 'Text string to process' - Use back quotes for `command to process` Filenameset A set of one or more files, enclosed in parentheses (file1,file2). command The command to carry out, including any parameters. This can be a single command, or if you enclose it in (parentheses), several commands, one per line. %%parameter A replaceable parameter: in a batch file use %%G (on the command line %G) |
FOR /F processing of a text file consists of reading the file, one line of text at a...
Copy files and/or directory trees to another folder. XCOPY is similar to the COPY command except that it has additional switches to specify both the source and destination in detail. While still included in...
Display or modify Access Control Lists (ACLs) for files and folders. For Vista and greater use icacls.
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Syntax XCACLS filename [options] XCACLS filename Key If no options are specified XCACLS will display the ACLs for the file(s) options can be any combination of: /T Traverse all subfolders and change all matching files found. /E Edit ACL instead of replacing it. /x Edit ACL instead of replacing it; affect only ACEs that this user already owns /R user Revoke all access rights from the given user. /D user Deny specified user access, this will over-ride all other permissions the user has. /C Continue on access denied errors. /Y Replace user's rights without verify /P user:permision[;FolderSpec] Replace user's rights. see /G option below /G user:permision[;FolderSpec] Grant specified user access rights, permision can be: r Read c Change (write) f Full control p Change Permissions (Special access) o Take Ownership (Special access) x EXecute (Special access) e REad (Special access) w Write (Special access) d Delete (Special access) t Used only by FolderSpec. see below |
FolderSpec is a permission applied to a folder. If FolderSpec is not specified then permission will apply to both files and folders.This...
Windows Update Agent, download new Windows Update files.
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Syntax wuauclt Options Options: /a or /ResetAuthorization Initiate an asynchronous background search for applicable updates. If Automatic Updates are disabled, this has no effect. /r or /ReportNow Send all queued reporting events to the server asynchronously. /DetectNow Initiate detection right away, Query the WSUS server immediately to see if any new updates are needed. |
WSUS uses a cookie on client computers to store computer group membership when client-side targeting is used. By default this cookie expires an hour after WSUS creates...
Windows Update Standalone Installer.
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Syntax WUSA options Options: /extract Extract the package contents to a destination folder. This option was removed from Windows 10 due to a security issue, privilege elevation would allow executables to be extracted to C:\windows\system32 [x]. /kb uninstall a package led by using its KB number. Use only together with /uninstall. /quiet Run Wusa.exe in quiet mode without user interaction. When the tool runs in quiet mode, it runs without user interaction. The computer restarts if this is required. For example, if the Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu file is in the D:\934307 folder, type the following command at a command prompt to install the update package without user interaction: wusa.exe d:\934307\Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu /quiet When you use this switch, the Microsoft Software License Terms do not appear. /norestart Prevent Wusa.exe from restarting the computer. The /norestart switch is ignored if the /quiet switch is not present. If you run Wusa.exe together with these two switches, you must manually restart the operating system after the installation is complete (if the installation requires a restart) For example, if the Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu file is in the D:\934307 folder, type the following command to install the update package: wusa.exe D:\934307\Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu /quiet /norestart /warnrestart When this switch is combined with the /quiet switch, Wusa.exe prompts you before it begins a restart for install and uninstall operations. /forcerestart When this switch is combined with the /quiet switch, Wusa.exe forcibly closes applications and then begins a restart. /?, /h, /help View help. |
Examples: C:\> WUSA d:\934307\Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu /quiet C:\> WUSA D:\934307\Windows6.0-KB934307-x86.msu /quiet /norestart C:\> WUSA /uninstall /kb:934307 /quiet /norestart
Windows Remote Management Secure communication with local and remote computers using web services.
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Syntax winrm g[et] | s[et] | c[reate] | d[elete] | e[numerate] | i[nvoke] | id[entify] | quickconfig | configSDDL | helpmsg Retrieve instances of RESOURCE_URI: winrm get RESOURCE_URI [-SWITCH:VALUE [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] winrm get winrm/config winrm get winrm/config/client winrm get winrm/config/service Modify settings in RESOURCE_URI: winrm set RESOURCE_URI [-SWITCH:VALUE [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] [@{KEY="VALUE"[;KEY="VALUE"]}] [-file:VALUE] Spawn an instance of RESOURCE_URI: winrm create RESOURCE_URI [-SWITCH:VALUE [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] [@{KEY="VALUE"[;KEY="VALUE"]}] [-file:VALUE] Control remote access to WinRM resources, launch a GUI to edit security settings. winrm configsddl RESOURCE_URI Enable this machine for remote management. winrm quickconfig [-quiet] [-transport:VALUE] This will start the WinRM service, set the service to auto start, create a listener and enable an http firewall exception for WS-Management traffic -q[uiet] Don’t prompt for confirmation. -transport:VALUE Perform quickconfig for either http or https. Default = http. List instances of RESOURCE_URI: winrm enumerate RESOURCE_URI [-ReturnType:Value] [-Shallow] [-BasePropertiesOnly] [-SWITCH:VALUE [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] Remove an instance of RESOURCE_URI: winrm delete RESOURCE_URI [-SWITCH:<em>VALUE</em> [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] Execute method specified by ACTION on target object specified by RESOURCE_URI winrm invoke ACTION RESOURCE_URI [-SWITCH:VALUE [-SWITCH:VALUE] ...] [@{KEY="<em>VALUE</em>"[;KEY="VALUE"]}] [-file:VALUE] Display error message associate with the error code. winrm helpmsg errorcode Key -a[uthentication]:VALUE The authentication mechanism to use when communicating with the remote machine. -defaultCreds Allow implicit credentials when Negotiate is used. Remote HTTPS operations for trusted machines. -dialect:VALUE Dialect of the filter expression for enumeration or fragment. Example: Use a WQL query -dialect:http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/WQL Example: Use XPATH for filtering with enumeration or fragment get/set. -dialect:https://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116 -encoding:VALUE The encoding type when talking to remote machine (see -remote). Possible options are "utf-8" (the default) or "utf-16". -f[ormat]:FORMAT The format of output. FORMAT can be "xml", "pretty" (better formatted XML), or "text". -r[emote]:VALUE Specify the identifier of a remote endpoint/system. This can be a simple host name or a complete URL. -skipCAcheck The certificate issuer need not be a trusted root authority. Remote HTTPS operations for trusted machines. -skipCNcheck The certificate common name (CN) of the server need not match the hostname of the server. HTTPS operations for trusted machines. -skipRevocationcheck Do not check the revocation status of the server certificate. Remote HTTPS operations for trusted machines. -SPNPort Append port number to the Service Principal Name (SPN) of the remote server. Service principal name is used when Negotiate or Kerberos authentication mechanism is in use. -timeout:<em>MS</em> Timeout in milliseconds. Limits duration of corresponding operation. Default timeout can be configured by: winrm set winrm/config @{MaxTimeoutms="XXXXXX"} Where XXXXXX is an integer indicating milliseconds. -file:VALUE @{KEY="VALUE"[;KEY="VALUE"]} Input from an XML file or via key/value pairs. Applies to set, create, and invoke operations -fragment:VALUE Specify a section inside the instance XML that is to be updated or retrieved for the given operation. Example: Get the status of the spooler service winrm get wmicimv2/Win32_Service?name=spooler -fragment:Status/text() -options:{KEY="<em>VALUE</em>"[;KEY="<em>VALUE</em>"]} Key/value pairs for provider-specific options. Example: -options:{key1="value1";key2=$null} |
WinRM is the Microsoft implementation of WS-Management Protocol, a standard Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)-based, firewall-friendly protocol that allows hardware and...
Windows Performance Recorder Record system events for analysis with Windows Performance Analyzer (WPA)WPR is part of the Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (Windows ADK) for Windows 10 Syntax WPR options… Key -help – Provide command line help information. ...
